Developmental differences between siblings
Nurture E Information Hub
Evidence
Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network
Premature babies are more likely to be delayed in meeting their growth and developmental milestones compared to full-term babies. The earlier your baby is born, the greater the challenge, as they have had to adjust to the outside world before they were ready.
Education
Developmental differences between siblings can be common when one child was born premature or sick and the other had a full-term, uncomplicated birth. These differences may be noticeable in areas such as physical growth, motor skills, speech, social interactions, and learning.
Why Do These Differences Happen?
Early Medical Challenges – Babies born prematurely or sick often face health complications that can affect their early growth and development. Time spent in the hospital, medical interventions and difficulties with feeding can slow their progress in some areas.
Corrected Age – A premature baby’s development is often measured by their correct age (their age if they had been born on their due date), rather than their actual birth date. This can make milestones seem delayed compared to a sibling who was born full-term.
Differences in Early Experiences – Hospital stays, medical treatments and extra therapies can shape a premature baby’s early experiences differently from a full-term sibling. This might mean extra support is needed in certain areas like movement, communication or learning.
Long-Term Effects of Prematurity or Illness – Some children who were born prematurely or sick may have lasting developmental differences, including delays in motor skills, speech, or social interactions. Others may "catch up" over time, but their progress may still look different from a sibling’s.
Sibling Relationships and Emotional Impact – The relationship between siblings can be affected by developmental differences. A full-term sibling might feel confused or frustrated if their premature sibling takes longer to do things. They might also feel protective or even jealous of the extra attention their sibling needs. Open conversations and family support can help everyone adjust.
What This Means for Parents
Each Child Develops at Their Own Pace – It is important to remember that all children grow and learn in their own time. Even full-term siblings may have differences in development, strengths and interests.
Comparisons Can Be Challenging – It is natural to notice differences, but constant comparison may create stress. Instead, focus on each child's unique journey.
Extra Support May Be Needed – If a child who was born premature or sick is showing delays, early intervention therapies (such as speech, occupational, or physiotherapy) can help support their development.
Siblings May Have Questions – Older siblings might notice the differences and ask questions. Explaining in simple terms, such as "Your brother needed extra help when he was a baby, so he learns things at his own speed," can help them understand.
Encouraging Positive Sibling Interactions – Finding activities that both children enjoy can help strengthen their bond. Reading together, playing simple games, or working on puzzles as a team can create shared experiences.
Understanding Different Strengths – Every child has their own strengths. Encouraging each child’s abilities and celebrating their progress, no matter how small, can help build confidence and resilience in both siblings.
Empowerment
Social and emotional development may vary for premature or sick babies, especially if they faced complications at birth. Some children may take longer to reach certain milestones, experience difficulties with learning and concentration, or behave differently from their full-term siblings in their early years.
It is natural to feel anxious when comparing your baby’s progress to others, but every child develops at their own pace. Not reaching a milestone at the expected time does not necessarily indicate a problem.
Regular check-ins with healthcare professionals can provide reassurance and guidance tailored to your child’s needs. By staying informed and seeking the right support, you can confidently advocate for your child, their siblings and nurture their development in a way that works best for them and your family.
Useful Links
Raising Children
Miracle Babies Foundation
https://www.miraclebabies.org.au/content/supporting-siblings/gjsn8g
https://www.miraclebabies.org.au/content/developmental-care/gn4ng8
https://www.miraclebabies.org.au/content/corrected-chronological-age/gjr92w
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Disclaimer: This publication by Miracle Babies Foundation is intended solely for general education and assistance and it is it is not medical advice or a healthcare recommendation. It should not be used for the purpose of medical diagnosis or treatment for any individual condition. This publication has been developed by our Parent Advisory Team (all who are parents of premature and sick babies) and has been reviewed and approved by a Clinical Advisory Team. This publication is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Miracle Babies Foundation recommends that professional medical advice and services be sought out from a qualified healthcare provider familiar with your personal circumstances. To the extent permitted by law, Miracle Babies Foundation excludes and disclaims any liability of any kind (directly or indirectly arising) to any reader of this publication who acts or does not act in reliance wholly or partly on the content of this general publication. If you would like to provide any feedback on the information please email [email protected].
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