Hearing
NURTURE INFORMATION HUB
Evidence
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10278076/
Raid M Al-Ani
Hearing loss is considered the most common birth defect. The estimated prevalence of moderate and severe hearing loss in a normal newborn is 0.1%-0.3%, while the prevalence is 2%-4% in newborns admitted to the newborn intensive care unit. Neonatal hearing loss can be congenital (syndromic or non-syndromic) or acquired such as ototoxicity. In addition, the types of hearing loss can be conductive, sensorineural, or mixed. Hearing is vital for the acquisition of language and learning. Therefore, early detection and prompt treatment are of utmost importance in preventing the unwanted sequel of hearing loss. The hearing screening program is mandatory in many nations, especially for high-risk newborns.
Education
Most babies who are born early or sick will have hearing that develops just like other babies. However, some babies may have hearing differences. These are usually picked up through routine screening soon after birth. Hearing checks are very important because they help families and health professionals understand how a baby responds to sounds early in life.
In Australia, all babies are offered a newborn hearing screen, usually in the first few days after birth. This is a quick and safe test that measures how your baby’s ears respond to sound.
- If your baby does not respond clearly during the first screen, a second test will be arranged.
- If there is still no clear response, your baby will be referred to an audiologist (a hearing specialist) for more detailed testing.
An audiologist can explain your baby’s hearing levels and talk with you about any support that might be needed.
Types of Hearing Differences
Sometimes, babies may be diagnosed with a hearing difference or hearing loss. Every child is unique, and hearing levels can vary. Some children may hear some sounds but not others. Finding out early is important so the right support can be offered.
The main types of hearing differences are:
- Conductive hearing difference: When sound has trouble passing through the outer or middle ear. This may be caused by fluid, ear infections, or a blockage. It is often temporary and may improve over time or with treatment.
- Sensorineural hearing difference: When there is a difference in the inner ear or hearing nerve. This type is usually permanent and can affect how loudly and clearly a child hears.
- Mixed hearing difference: A combination of both conductive and sensorineural differences.
There are many ways to support children with hearing differences. These may include:
- Hearing aids or cochlear implants (if recommended)
- Using Auslan (Australian Sign Language) and visual communication
- Speech therapy and support from early intervention programs
- Learning about different communication approaches to suit your child and family
Empowerment
If your baby is diagnosed with a hearing difference, you are not alone. Across Australia, there are services, programs and communities ready to support you and your child. Audiologists, speech pathologists, support workers and parent organisations will guide you through the different options for your baby.
Every family makes choices that are right for them. Some may use hearing devices like hearing aids or cochlear implants, while others may use Auslan, or a mix of both. All choices are valid and should be guided by what works best for your child and family.
Getting support early makes a big difference. It helps your baby’s communication, learning, and social development. It also helps you as a parent or carer to feel more confident, supported and connected on this journey. With the right care and guidance, your baby can thrive and build strong connections with the world around them.
Useful Links
Australian Hearing Hub
Hearing Australia
https://www.hearing.com.au/Hearing-loss/Children-young-adults
Pregnancy Birth and Baby
https://www.pregnancybirthbaby.org.au/hearing-loss-in-children
Raising Children
https://raisingchildren.net.au/guides/a-z-health-reference/meningitis
Australian Government – NSW Health
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Disclaimer: This publication by Miracle Babies Foundation is intended solely for general education and assistance and it is it is not medical advice or a healthcare recommendation. It should not be used for the purpose of medical diagnosis or treatment for any individual condition. This publication has been developed by our Parent Advisory Team (all who are parents of premature and sick babies) and has been reviewed and approved by a Clinical Advisory Team. This publication is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Miracle Babies Foundation recommends that professional medical advice and services be sought out from a qualified healthcare provider familiar with your personal circumstances.To the extent permitted by law, Miracle Babies Foundation excludes and disclaims any liability of any kind (directly or indirectly arising) to any reader of this publication who acts or does not act in reliance wholly or partly on the content of this general publication. If you would like to provide any feedback on the information please email [email protected].
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