Lumbar Puncture

Evidence  

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557553/ 

Louis A. Jane; Anton A. Wray. 

Lumbar puncture (LP), also referred to as “spinal tap,” is a commonly performed procedure that involves obtaining and sampling cerebrospinal fluid from the spinal cord.  

It was developed by Heinrich Quincke in the late 19th Century. It is the gold standard diagnostic procedure in the diagnosis of meningitis (an infection of brain and spinal cord membranes), subarachnoid haemorrhage and certain neurological disorders. It is also used in the measurement of intracranial pressure and administration of medications or diagnostic agents. 

Education  

A lumbar puncture (also called an LP or spinal tap) is a test that helps doctors check if there is an infection or other problem in your baby’s brain or spinal cord.  

The test involves taking a small sample of fluid from around the spine (called cerebrospinal fluid or CSF), which surrounds the brain and spinal cord. This fluid is then tested in the lab for signs of infection or inflammation. 

Your baby’s doctor may recommend a lumbar puncture if: 

• Your baby has signs of infection 

• There are concerns about meningitis (an infection around the brain) 

• Blood tests suggest your baby might be unwell or needs further checks 

• Your baby isn’t responding to treatment as expected 

• Your baby has suspected or confirmed seizures or fits

The results can help the medical team decide whether your baby needs antibiotics, what kind, and for how long or need for specific antivirals. 

Empowerment 

Being a parent of a baby in the neonatal unit can feel overwhelming, especially when procedures are needed. You are an important part of your baby’s care team, and your voice matters. 

Here are ways to stay involved: 

• Ask questions: It’s okay to ask what the test is for, what the results mean, or why it’s needed. 

• Be present if you feel comfortable: Some parents want to stay close to their baby during procedures, while others prefer to step away – both are okay. 

• Write things down: Notes can help you remember what the medical team shares with you. 

• Follow up: If you don’t hear back about results, it’s okay to ask. You are your baby’s best advocate.

Useful Links 

Women’s and Children’s hospital, South Australia 

https://cdn.wchn.sa.gov.au/downloads/WCH/women/pregnancy/neonatal/lumbar-puncture-in-newborns-fact-sheet.pdf 

Kids Health 

https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/emmi-lumbar-puncture.html 

The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 

https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Lumbar_puncture/